DMLS / R&D SERVICES » DMLS Materials
17-4 Stainless Steel
17-4 Stainless Steel is a pure, fully dense stainless steel in a fine powder form. Its composition corresponds to US classification 17-4 PH and European 1.4542, and also fulfils the requirements of AMS 5643 for Mn, Mo, Ni, Si, C, Cr and Cu. 17-4 Stainless Steel is characterized by its very good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, as well as its excellent ductility in a laser sintering processed state. It is also widely used in a variety of other engineering applications.
17-4 Stainless Steel is ideal for many part-building applications, such as functional metal prototypes, small series products, individualized products and/or spare parts.
Standard processing parameters fully melt the entire geometry with 20-micron layer thickness; however, it is also possible to use a skin and core building style to increase the build speed. We use standard parameters, so the mechanical properties are fairly uniform in all directions. Parts created from laser sintering, made from 17-4 Stainless Steel, can be welded, machined, micro shot-peened, polished and coated if required. Unexposed powder can be reused without restriction or refreshing.
Typical applications:
- Engineering applications, such as functional metal prototypes, short-run production or individualized products.
- Parts requiring high corrosion resistance, sterilisability, etc.
- Parts requiring particularly high toughness and ductility.
15-5 Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel 15-5 is a pre-alloyed stainless steel in fine powder form. Its very good corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, especially in the precipitation-hardened state, characterize this kind of steel. 15-5 Stainless Steel is widely used in variety of medical, aerospace and other metal prototyping engineering applications requiring high hardness, strength and corrosion resistance.
This material is ideal for many part-building applications (DirectPart), such as functional metal prototypes, small scale production, and medical applications where 15-5 is the desired alloy. Standard processing parameters use full melting of the entire geometry with 20 um layer thickness, while it is also possible to use 40 um layer thickness and skin and core building style to increase the build speed. Using standard parameters, the mechanical properties are fairly uniform in all directions. Parts made from Stainless Steel 15-5 can be machined, spark-eroded, welded, micro shot-peened, polished, coated and more.
Typical applications:
- Engineering applications including small series products, functional metal prototypes, spare parts or individualized products.
- Parts requiring sterilisability, high corrosion resistance, etc.
- Parts requiring particularly high strength and hardness
CobaltChrome MP1
Cobalt Chrome is a fine powder mixture for metal laser sintering systems, and produces parts in a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum-based super alloy. This class of super alloy is characterized by having excellent mechanical properties (strength, hardness, etc.), corrosion resistance and temperature resistance. Such alloys are commonly used in biomedical applications such as dental and medical implants (note: widely used in Europe and much less used in North America) and also for high-temperature engineering applications, such as aero engines.
The chemistry of Cobalt Chrome MP1 conforms to the composition UNS R31538 of high carbon CoCrMo alloy. It is nickel-free (< 0.1 % nickel content), sterilisable and suitable for biomedical applications. The laser-sintered parts are characterized by a fine, uniform crystal grain structure. They fully meet the requirements of ISO 5832-4 and ASTM F75 for cast CoCrMo implant alloys, as well as the requirements of ISO 5832-12 and ASTM F1537 for wrought CoCrMo implants alloys, except remaining elongation. The remaining elongation can be increased to fulfill even this standard by hot isostatic pressing (HIP).
This material is ideal for many part-building applications (DirectPart), for example: high-temp and high-strength applications, specialized dental requirements, individualized and functional metal prototype parts, small series products or spare parts. Standard processing parameters use full melting of the entire geometry with 20 um layer thickness. Metal laser sintering parts made from Cobalt Chrome can be machined, welded, micro shot-peened, polished and coated if required. As with stainless steels, unexposed powder can be reused without restriction or refreshing.
Typical applications:
- Prototype or one-off biomedical implants, e.g. spinal, knee, hip, bone, toe and dental
- Parts requiring high mechanical properties in elevated temperatures (500 - 1000 °C) and with good corrosion resistance, e.g. turbines and other parts for engines, cutting parts, etc.
- Parts having very small features such as thin walls, pins, etc., which require particularly high strength and/or stiffness.
Titanium Ti64 / Ti64ELI
Titanium Ti64 is a pre-alloyed Ti6AlV4 alloy in fine powder form. This well-known light alloy is characterized by having excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance combined with low specific weight and biocompatibility. The ELI (extra-low interstitial) version has particularly low levels of impurities.
Typical applications:
- Parts requiring a combination of high mechanical properties and low specific weight, e.g. structural and engine components for aerospace and motor racing applications, etc.
- Biomedical implants
Inconel 718
Inconel is a high-temp, high-strength material and is referred to a family of austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloys. Inconel 718 is oxidation and corrosion resistant and well suited for service in extreme environments. When heated, Inconel forms a thick, stable, passivating oxide layer protecting the surface from further attack. Inconel’s high temperature strength is developed by solid solution strengthening or precipitation strengthening, depending on the alloy.
Typical applications:
- Perfect for gas turbine blades, seals, and combustors as well as turbocharger rotors and seals, electric submersible well pump motor shafts, high-temp fasteners, and more.
Inconel625
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Technical Data (Comparison Chart)
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROPERTIES | ASTM | Units | Stainless Steel 17-4 | Stainless Steel 15-5 | Cobalt Chrome MP1 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPIF 10) (in horizontal direction xy) (in vertical direction z) |
MPa | 900 | 1150 ± 50 MPa 1050 ±50 MPa |
1400 MPa, ± 40 MPa 203 ksi, ± 6 ksi 1150 MPa,± 50 MPa 167 ksi ± 7 ksi |
|
| Yield Strength (rp 0.2%) (in horizontal direction xy) (in vertical direction z) |
1050 ±50 MPa 1000 ±50 MPa |
980 MPa, ± 30 MPa 142 ksi, ± 4 ksi 880 MPa, ± 40 MPa 128 ksi, ± 6 ksi |
|||
| Elongation @ Break (in horizontal direction xy) (in vertical direction z) (after hot isostatic pressing (hip) |
% | up to 30% | 16 ± 4 % 17 ± 4 % |
10%, ± 2% 9%, ± 1% 21, ± 24% |
|
| Young's Modulus (in horizontal direction xy) (in vertical direction z) |
GPa | 190 | typically 170 ± 20GPa | 210 GPa, ± 10 GPa 30 msi, ± 1.5 msi 200 GPa, ± 20 GPa 29 msi, ± 3 msi |
|
| Hardness as laser-sintered after post-hardening |
HV HRC |
250-320 40 |
30-35 HRC | 40-45HRC | |
| Surface Roughness after shot-peening after polishing |
Ra 2.5-4.5um, Ry 15-40um Ra 0.1-0.2mil, Ry 0.6-1.6um Rz up to <0.5um (can be very finely polished) |
Ra 2.5-4.5 um, Ry 15-40 um Ra 0.1-0.2 mil, Ry 0.6-1.6 um Rz up to < 0.5 um (can be very finely polished) |
approx. Ra 10um, Rz 40-50um Ra 0.39, Rz 1.6-2.0 mil Rz up to < 1um <0.004mil |
||
| last updated: 05.27.07 | |||||
| THERMAL PROPERTIES | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| PROPERTIES | Stainless Steel 17-4 | Stainless Steel 15-5 | Cobalt Chrome MP1 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-500°C) (500-1000°C) |
approx. 13-20 x 10-6 m/m °C approx. 55-68 x 10-6 in/in °F |
13.8 ±0.8 W/m°C, (96 ± 6 Btu) 15.8 ±0.8 W/m°C (110 ± 6 Btu) |
11.5x10-6m/m °C 11.5x10-6in/in °C 12.5x10-6m/m °C 12.5x10-6in/in °C |
| Thermal Conductivity ( @ 20°C) (@ 300°C) (@ 500°C) |
approx. 12-14 W/mK approx. 83-97 Btu(hft2°F/in) |
13.8 ± 0.8 W/m°C 13.7 ± 0.8 W/m°C |
11 W/mk 76 Btu(h.ft2.°F/in) 16W/mk 111 Btu(h.ft2.°F/in) 20 W/mk 139Btu(h.ft2.°F/in) |
| Maximum Operating Temperature | 550°C 1000°C |
350-400°C | 11500°C 2100°F |
| last updated: 05.27.07 | |||
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